One of the commonest cosmetic concerns is enlarged male breasts and its associated gynecomastia surgery in Mumbai is an imbalance in oestrogen and testosterone, causes excessive glandular tissue in the breast. Small amounts of oestrogen (the hormone that controls breast growth) are produced in males. If the body produces excessive oestrogen, or decreased testosterone, it can lead to excessive breast tissue in males. There is a condition wherein patients who are obese appear to have enlarged breasts because of excessive fatty tissue. This is called pseudo gynecomastia.
Gynecomastia can affect one or both breasts. New-borns, males going through puberty and men beyond their 30’s may develop gynecomastia as a result of normal changes in hormone levels, though other causes also exist.
Unfortunately, patients are reluctant to approach medical personnel regarding these symptoms because of social stigma and embarrassment and the best gynecomastia surgeon in India will be able to allay their fears.
Symptoms
Most adult men with gynecomastia are asymptomatic and have no general issues. Signs and symptoms of the condition may include: Swollen breast tissue, Pain or tenderness and rarely Nipple discharge in one or both breasts.
It has been estimated that among men ages 50 to 80 years the prevalence of gynaecomastia is between 24% and 65%. However, in most cases there are no symptoms and is usually an incidental finding. Again, this number could be higher taking into account that most patients don’t come forward to discuss about gynecomastia surgery in Mumbai.
Here are nine causes of gynaecomastia in men as studied among people who underwent gynecomastia surgery in India-
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Medications
Drug induced gynecomastia is the most common cause of gynecomastia. A number of drugs can induce gynecomastia. These include:
- Anti-androgens that are medications used to treat an enlarged prostate which is benign, prostate cancer and other conditions. Examples include flutamide, finasteride and spironolactone.
- Anabolic steroids that are used in the treatment of hormone deficiencies, delayed pubertal age, or muscle atrophy from another disease. This drug may also be misused by sports persons and Gym goers to enhance their muscle growth as well as performance resulting in gynecomastia.
- Anti-retroviral therapy-. The oestrogen-like properties of most HIV medications can cause gynecomastia, especially Efavirenz
- Tricyclic antidepressants.
- Antibiotics.
- Over the counter medications such as antacid
- Chemotherapy to treat cancer.
- Cardiac medications, such as commonly used drugs like digoxin and calcium channel blockers.
- Stomach-emptying medications, such as metoclopramide
- Alcohol on a long-term basis.
- Marijuana
- Heroin
- Methadone
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Hypogonadism
Congenital conditions that cause reduced growth of the male gonads thus causing a lower testosterone production, such as Klinefelter syndrome or pituitary insufficiency, can be associated with gynecomastia. These people are usually associated with absence of reduced secondary sexual characters of the male.
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Aging
Hormone changes that occur with aging with lowered levels of male hormones can cause gynecomastia, especially in men who are overweight.
- Tumours
Traditional Some tumours, such as those involving the testes, adrenal glands or pituitary gland, can produce hormones that alter the male-female hormone balance.
- Hyperthyroidism
In this condition, the thyroid gland produces too much of the hormone thyroxine.
- Kidney Failure
More than 60% of patients with chronic kidney disease being treated with dialysis experience gynecomastia due to hormonal changes.
- Liver Failure And Cirrhosis
Hormonal changes related to liver disease and cirrhosis treatment are associated with gynecomastia.
- Malnutrition And Starvation
When your body is deficient of proper nutrition, testosterone levels drop while oestrogen level remain unchanged, causing a hormonal imbalance. Gynecomastia can also happen with normal nutrition in patients. Hence nutrition is not an absolute cause
- Gynecomastia In Infants
Most baby boys are born with enlarged breasts due to the effects of their mother's oestrogen. This usually resolves in a couple of weeks without much intervention. Gynecomastia during puberty. Gynecomastia caused by hormone changes during puberty is relatively common. In most cases, the swollen breast tissue will go away without treatment within six months to two years.
The best gynecomastia surgeon in Mumbai, Dr. Mohan Thomas, will assess a patient with gynaecomastia with a detailed history and perform a physical exam. A blood test may also be recommended to check hormone levels as well as a routine surgical fitness. As tumours and swelling of the breast must be ruled out, you may be asked to get an ultrasound or even a mammogram.
In case of nipple discharge, further investigations are required, including blood investigations such as prolactin
Some people don’t want or need treatment for gynecomastia. If a medication or other substance is causing breasts to enlarge, you may need to cease using the drug. If a disease is the cause, swelling should go away with treatment of that specific disease.
Some men choose to get breast reduction surgery. During this procedure, a board-certified cosmetic surgeon removes the excessive breast tissue. There will be a small scar associated with the surgery.
What Is The Gynecomastia Surgery Cost In India?
Most patients choose a surgeon based on their google search for gynecomastia surgery cost in Mumbai which is absolutely not a reflection of the calibre of the treating surgeon and the hospital and facility. Since this procedure is undertaken using multiple technologies, there is a large cost for the disposables. Places where the cost is particularly low may compromise with your safety hence choosing the right surgeon is more important than the choice based on Gynecomastia surgery cost in India.